SEPARATING MIXTURES~

Why we separate?
Because we want to find what different components and properties do the mixtures have.

We base on these strategy to find :
high/low density                reactive/inreactive
volatile/non volatile           magnetic/non magnetic
slouble/insoluble               pol;ar/non polar

Also, the teachniques are also very important.
We have.......
1. Hand separation & Evaporation
~by hands....by a magnet or sieve....by boiling away the liquid to get solid remains
2. Filtration
~by using filter paper to filter the solid particles in order to get the filtrate
3. Crystallizatiuon
~by evaporating/cooling so that the solid comes out as pure crystal
4.Gravity separation
~by using a centrifage that can force the denser materials to the bottom of the test tube
5.Solvent extraction
~by using liquid/separatory funnel in order to remove the unwanted material.
6.Distillation (liquid in liquid solution)
~by heating a mixture....the liquid with the lowest b.p. boils first...the vapour ascents to distillation flask and enters condenser, finally the gas cools and condenses back to liquid dropping the distillate as a purified liquid
7.Chromotography
a. paper chromotography
~by using a sheet or strip....components appear as separating spots spread out on the paper after dying or 'developing'
b. Thin layer chromotography
~by using a thin layer of absorbet(Al2O3 / SiO2)....components appear as spots on the sheet.